Njengamanje, kukhona amabhizinisi angama-39 emnyangweni weGeological work of Ukraine, phakathi kwawo i-13 amabhizinisi angaphansi kombuso ahileleke ngokuqondile ekuhloleni imithombo engaphansi komhlaba yomugqa wokuqala.Iningi lemboni likhubazekile ngenxa yokushoda kwemali kanye nokuntengantenga komnotho.Ukuze kuthuthukiswe isimo, uHulumeni wase-Ukraine ukhiphe iMithethonqubo Emayelana Nokuguqulwa Komkhakha Wokuhlola Izinsiza Zomhlaba Nomhlaba, owasungula inqubomgomo ebumbene yokuhlelwa kabusha komkhakha kanye nokuhlola, ukusetshenziswa nokuvikelwa kwezinsiza ezingaphansi komhlaba.Ikubeka ngokusobala ukuthi ngaphandle kwamabhizinisi okuhlola kahulumeni ayi-13 okuqala azohlala engaphansi kukahulumeni, amanye amabhizinisi azoguqulwa abe ama-joint-stock amabhizinisi, angaphinde aguqulwe abe izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinkampani zezomnotho ezixubile zobunikazi, okuhlanganisa amazwe angaphandle- amabhizinisi okwabelwana ngawo noma amabhizinisi angaphandle ngokuphelele;Ngezinguquko zesakhiwo kanye nezinguquko zezimboni, imikhakha yangaphambili iguqulwa ibe izinhlaka ezintsha zokukhiqiza nokusebenza, ngaleyo ndlela ithole ukutshalwa kwezimali kuzo zombili izindlela zesabelomali kanye nezangaphandle kwesabelomali;Lungisa imboni, susa izingqimba zokuphatha, futhi unciphise ukuphatha ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko.
Njengamanje, amabhizinisi angaphezu kwe-2,000 emkhakheni wezimayini wase-Ukraine axhaphaza futhi acubungula idiphozithi yamaminerali angaphansi komhlaba.Ngaphambi kokuwa kweSoviet Union, amaphesenti angu-20 abasebenzi base-Ukraine ayesebenza embonini yezimayini, eqinisekisa ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-80 emithombo yemvelo yezwe, amaphesenti angu-48 omholo wezwe avela ezimayini, kanti amaphesenti angu-30-35 emali yawo yokuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe. zavela ezimayini ezingaphansi komhlaba.Manje ukwehla komnotho kanye nokuntuleka kwemali yokukhiqiza e-Ukraine kunomthelela omkhulu embonini yokuhlola, futhi ngisho nangaphezulu ekuthuthukisweni kwemishini yezobuchwepheshe embonini yezimayini.
Ngo-February 1998, isikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-80 se-Geological Exploration Bureau yase-Ukraine yakhipha idatha ebonisa ukuthi: Isamba sezindawo zezimayini e-Ukraine zingama-667, izinhlobo zezimayini cishe zingama-94, okuhlanganisa nenani elikhulu lezinhlobo zamaminerali ezidingekayo ekukhiqizeni kwezimboni.Ochwepheshe base-Ukraine babeke inani le-mineral deposits ngaphansi komhlaba ku-$ 7.5 trillion.Kepha ochwepheshe basentshonalanga babeka inani lezindawo zokugcina ezingaphansi komhlaba zase-Ukraine ngaphezulu kwe- $ 11.5 trillion.Ngokusho kwenhloko ye-State Geological Resources Management Committee yase-Ukraine, lokhu kuhlola kuyisibalo esilondoloza kakhulu.
Ukumbiwa Kwegolide Nesiliva e-Ukraine kwaqala ngo-1997 ngegolide elingu-500 kg kanye nesiliva elingu-1,546 kg endaweni yaseMuzhyev.I-joint venture yase-Ukraine-Russian yabe isimba igolide elingu-450 kg emayini yase-Savynansk ngasekupheleni kuka-1998.
Umbuso uhlela ukukhiqiza amathani ayi-11 egolide ngonyaka.Ukuze kuzuzwe lo mgomo, i-Ukraine idinga ukwethula okungenani i-$ 600 yezigidi zokutshala izimali esigabeni sokuqala, futhi umphumela wonyaka esigabeni sesibili uzofinyelela amathani angu-22-25.Ubunzima obukhulu manje ukuntuleka kokutshalwa kwezimali esigabeni sokuqala.Amatshe acebile amaningana asesifundeni saseTranscarpathia entshonalanga ye-Ukraine kuye kwatholakala ukuthi aqukethe isilinganiso samagremu angu-5,6 egolide ngethani lensimbi, kuyilapho idiphozithi enhle ingaba namagremu angu-8,9 egolide ngethani ngalinye lensimbi.
Ngokusho kwalolu hlelo, i-Ukraine isivele yenza ukuhlola endaweni yezimayini yaseMysk e-Odessa kanye nendawo yezimayini yaseBobrikov eDonetsk.Imayini yaseBobrikov iyindawo encane enegolide elilinganiselwe elingamakhilogremu angu-1, 250 futhi inelayisensi yokuxhashazwa.
Uwoyela negesi Amadiphozithi kawoyela negesi ase-Ukraine agxile kakhulu ezindaweni eziphansi ze-carpathian entshonalanga, ukucindezeleka kwaseDonetsk-Dnipropetrovsk empumalanga kanye noLwandle Olumnyama kanye neshalofu loLwandle lwe-azov.Ukukhiqizwa onyakeni ephakeme kakhulu kwaba 14,2 million amathani 1972. Ukraine has amaminerali ambalwa efakazelwe imithombo ukunikeza uwoyela negesi yayo siqu.I-Ukraine kulinganiselwa ukuthi inamathani ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-4,9 zikawoyela, kodwa amathani ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-1,2 kuphela atholakale eselungele ukukhishwa.Abanye badinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe.Ngokusho kochwepheshe base-Ukraine, ukushoda kwamafutha negesi, inani eliphelele lamafutha kanye nezinga lobuchwepheshe bokuhlola akuzona izinkinga eziphuthumayo okwamanje, inkinga eyinhloko ukuthi ayikwazi ukukhishwa.Mayelana nokusebenza kahle kwamandla, Nakuba i-Ukraine ingekho phakathi kwamazwe anezomnotho amancane ukusebenzisa amandla, ilahlekelwe u-65% kuya ku-80% wokukhiqiza kwayo uwoyela nokusetshenziswa kwamasimu ayo kawoyela.Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthuthukisa izinga lobuchwepheshe futhi ufune ukubambisana kwezobuchwepheshe okusezingeni eliphezulu.Njengamanje, i-Ukraine ixhumane namanye ama-giants aphezulu embonini yangaphandle, kodwa isivumelwano sokugcina sokubambisana kuzodingeka silinde ukwethulwa kwenqubomgomo kazwelonke yase-Ukraine, ikakhulukazi ukucaciswa okucacile kwemibandela yokuhlukaniswa komkhiqizo.Ngokwenhlolovo ye-geological yase-Ukraine yesabelomali, uma ufuna ukuthola imvume yokumba uwoyela negesi e-Ukraine, ibhizinisi kumele litshale imali eyizigidi ezingama-700 zamaRandi ukuze kuhlolwe amaminerali, izimayini ezijwayelekile kanye nokucutshungulwa okudingekayo okungenani i-3 billion ngonyaka - $ 4 billion. ukugeleza kwemali, okuhlanganisa ukumba ngakunye komthombo okuzodinga okungenani izigidi ezingu-900 kwaba utshalomali.
I-Uranium Uranium iwumthombo wamasu ongaphansi komhlaba wase-Ukraine, okulinganiselwa ukuthi yi-International Atomic Energy Agency ukuthi ibe nendawo yesihlanu ngobukhulu emhlabeni.
Izimayini ze-uranium zangaphambili zeSoviet Union zise-Ukraine.Ngo-1944, ithimba lokuhlola umhlaba eliholwa nguLavlinko lamba idiphozithi yokuqala ye-uranium e-Ukraine ukuze kuvikeleke i-uranium yebhomu lokuqala le-athomu laseSoviet Union.Ngemva kweminyaka yokusebenza kwezimayini, ubuchwepheshe bezimayini ze-Uranium e-Ukraine bufinyelele izinga eliphezulu kakhulu.Ngo-1996, ukumbiwa kwe-uranium kwase kubuyele emazingeni ka-1991.
Ukumbiwa kanye nokucutshungulwa kwe-uranium e-Ukraine kudinga ukufakwa kwezimali okubalulekile, kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu ukubambisana kwamasu neRussia kanye neKazakhstan ukuze kuthuthukiswe i-uranium kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezinto ezihlobene nokunothisa i-uranium.
Amanye amaminerali afaka ithusi: Njengamanje uHulumeni wase-Ukraine umeme amathenda okuhlola ngokuhlanganyela kanye nokuxhashazwa kwemayini yethusi yase-Zhilov e-The Voloen Oblast.I-Ukraine ihehe abantu abaningi bangaphandle ngenxa yokukhiqiza kwayo okuphezulu kanye nekhwalithi yethusi, futhi uhulumeni uhlela ukumaketha izimayini zethusi zase-Ukraine ezimakethe zamasheya zangaphandle njengeNew York neLondon.
Amadayimane: Uma i-Ukraine ingatshala okungenani i-hryvnia eyizigidi ezingu-20 ngonyaka, maduze izoba namadayimane amahle awodwa.Kodwa akukho ukutshalwa kwezimali okunjalo okwamanje.Uma kungekho ukutshalwa kwezimali isikhathi eside, kungenzeka ukuthi kumbiwe abatshalizimali bakwamanye amazwe.
Insimbi yensimbi: Ngokohlelo lokuthuthukisa umnotho we-Ukraine ngonyaka ka-2010, i-Ukraine izozuza ngaphezu kwama-95% ukuzimela ngezinto ezingavuthiwe zokukhiqiza insimbi nensimbi, kanti imali etholwayo yokuthekelisa izofinyelela ku-4 billion ~ 5 billion.
Mayelana namasu ezimayini, okuseqhulwini kwamanje e-Ukraine wukuqhubeka nokuthola nokuhlola ukuze kutholwe iziqiwi.Ikakhulukazi zihlanganisa: igolide, i-chromium, ithusi, ithini, umthofu nezinye izinsimbi kanye namagugu angewona ayoni, i-phosphorus nezinto ezingavamile, njll. ivolumu yokuthekelisa ngo-1.5 izikhathi ezi-2, futhi yehlise inani lokungenisa ngamaphesenti angama-60 kuya kwangama-80, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa kakhulu ukushoda kwezohwebo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-08-2022